Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Rasheed, M. A.
- Light Hydrocarbons Geochemistry of Surface Sediment from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin
Abstract Views :191 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
2 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 7-15Abstract
A study was carried out to test the usefulness of surface geochemical methods as regional evaluation tools in petroliferous region of the Mehsana block, North Cambay Basin. A suite of 135 soil samples collected from the depth of 2.5 m, were analyzed for adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes (δ13Cmethane and δ13Cethane). The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis show that the concentration ranges 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb of C1, C2, C3, iC4 and nC4, respectively. The value of carbon isotopic ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (PDB). This data, when mapped, indicates patterns coinciding with major known oil and/or gas field of Sobhasan/Linch in this study area. The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseeps of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. A regional study, such as the one described here, can provide important exploration facts concerning the regional hydrocarbon potential in a block. This method has been confirmed and can be applied successfully in frontier basins.Keywords
Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Microseeps, Carbon Isotope, Mehsane Block.
References
- BANERJEE, A., JHA, M., MITTAL, A.K, THOMAS, N.J., and MISRA, K.N. (2000) The effective source rocks in the Cambay Basin, India. Mar. Petro. Geol., v.17, pp.1111-1129.
- BANERJEE, A. and RAO, K.L.N. (1993) Geochemical evaluation of part of the Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.77, no.1, pp.29-48.
- BERNARD, B.B. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in Sediments - PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University, USA, pp.144.
- BERNARD, B.B., BROOKS, J.M. and SACKETT, W.M. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments. Jour. Geophy. Res., v.83, pp.4053-4061.
- BHANDARI, L.L. and CHOUDHARY, L.R. (1975) Stratigraphic Analysis of Kadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.59, pp.856-871.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1982) Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.66, pp. 1497-1513.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure, and evolution of the western margin basins of India. Tectonophysics, v.137, pp.307-327.
- BISWAS, S.K., RANGARAJU, M.K., THOMAS, J. and BHATTACHARYA, S.K. (1994) Cambay - Hazad Petroleum System in South Cambay Basin, India. In: L.B. Magoon and W.G. Dow (Eds.), Petroleum System from Source to trap. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., v.60, pp.615-624.
- CHANDRA, K., MISRA, K.N. and MAKAR, P.S. (1984) Isobutane / normal butane ethane reaming heavier hydrocarbons relationship in natural of sedimentary basins. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Research Conf. on Geochemistry of natural gases, San Antanio, USA (Abstr).
- CHANDRA, K., MISHRA, C.S., SAMANTA, U., ANITA GUPTA and MEHROTRA, K.L. (1994) Correlation of different maturity parameters in the Ahmedabad - Mehsana block of the Cambay basin. Org. Geochem, v.20, no.3/4, pp.313-321.
- DEINES, P. (1980) The isotopic composition of reduced organic carbon. In: P. Fritz, and J.Fontes (Eds.), Handbook of environmental isotope geochemistry, v.1, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.329-406.
- FABER, E. and STAHL, W. (1983) Analytical procedure and results of and isotope surface survey in an area of the British North Sea. In: J. Brooks (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.51-63.
- FABER, E. and STAHL, W. (1984) Geochemical surface exploration for hydrocarbons in the North Sea. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.68, pp.363-386.
- GEVIRTZ, J.L. (2002) Surface hydrocarbon characterization of Kinsale Head gas field, Celtic Sea, offshore Ireland, In: D. Schumacher and L.A. LeSchack (Eds.), Surface exploration case histories: Application of geochemistry, magnetics, and remote sensing. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Studies in Geology, no.48 and SEG Geophy. Ref. Series no.11, pp.415-431
- GEVIRTZ, J.L., CAREY, B.D. and BLANCO, S.R. (1983) Surface geochemical exploration in the North Sea. Methodology with an example. In: J. Brooks (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.35- 50.
- HORVITZ, L. (1939) On geochemical prospecting. Geophysics, v.4, pp.210-225.
- HORVITZ, L. (1980) Near surface evidence of hydrocarbon movement from depth. In: W.H. Roberts III and R.J. Cordell (Eds.), Problems of Petroleum Migration. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Studies in Geology, no.10, pp.241-269.
- HORVITZ, L. (1981) Hydrocarbon prospecting after forty years. In: B.M. Gottleib (Ed.), Unconventional Methods in Exploration for Petroleum and Natural Gas II. Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, TX, pp.83-95.
- JONES, V.T. and DROZD, R.J. (1983) Predictions of oil and gas potential by near-surface geochemistry. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.67, pp.932-952.
- KUNDU, J., PRASAD, B. and ANAND PRAKASH. (1997) Structural Framework and Distribution of Synrift Depocentres in Cambay Rift Basin, Western India, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.81,pp.1392-1393.
- KVENVOLDEN, D.A., VOGEL, T.M. and GARDNER, J.V. (1981) Geochemical prospecting for hydrocarbons in the outer continental shelf, South Bering Sea, Alaska. Jour. Geochem. Explor., v.14, pp.209-219.
- MATHUR, L.P., RAO, K.L.N. and CHAUBE, A.N. (1968) Tectonic framework of Cambay Basin, India. ONGC Bull., v.5, pp.7-28.
- MEHROTRA, K.L., GUPTA, A., TIWARI, G. and KUMAR, A. (1991) Geochemistry of Cambay Basin. In: Integrated Exploration Research - Status and perspective 1990, pp.429-436.
- NIKANOV, V.F. (1961) Heavy hydrocarbons in gases of oil and gas pools and their relationships. Petrol.Geol., v.5, pp.43.
- PIXLER, B.O. (1969) Formation evaluation by analysis of hydrocarbon ratios. Jour. Petrol. Tech., v.21,pp.665-670.
- RAJU, A.T.R. (1969) Geological evolution of Assam and Cambay Tertiary Basins of India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.52, no.12, pp.2422-2437.
- SARRAF , S.C., RAY, D.S., KARARIA, A.D. and LAL, N.K. (2000) Geology, sedimentation and petroleum systems of Cambay Basin, India. Proc. 5th Internat. Conf. & Exhibition on Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration in the Afro-Asian region, pp.215-226.
- SCHOELL, M. (1983) Genetic characterization of natural gases. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.67, pp.2225-2238.
- SILVERMAN, S. R. (1971) Influence of petroleum origin and transformation on its distribution and redistribution in sedimentary rocks. Proc. 8th World Petroleum Congress, v.2, pp.47-54.
- SOKOLOV, V.A., GEODENKYAN, A.A., GRIGORYEV, G., KREMS, A.Y., STROGANOV,V.A., ZORKIN, L.M., AEIDDSON, M.I. and VAINSAUM, S.J. (1970) The new methods of gas suverys, gas investigations of wells and some practical results. Can. Inst. Min. Metal., v.11, pp.538-543.
- STAHL, W. and CAREY, B.D. (1975) Source rock identification by isotope analysis of natural gases from fields in the Val Verde and Delaware basins. West Texas. Chem. Geol., v.16, pp.257- 267.
- Light Hydrocarbons Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh
Abstract Views :175 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 606, IN
1 Stable Isotope and Surface Geochemical Prospecting of Hydrocarbon, National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 78, No 5 (2011), Pagination: 477-483Abstract
A geochemical study of surface sediments from Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India was carried out using light hydrocarbon compounds to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the basin. Suite of 80 soil samples were collected from the depth of 2.5 m and analyzed for adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons namely methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) in Gas chromatograph. Compound specific Carbon isotope ratios for CH4 and C2H6 were also determined using GC-C IRMS (Gas Chromatograph Combustion Isotope Mass Spectrometer). The presence of moderate to low concentrations of methane (CCH4: 1 to 138 ppb), ethane (CC2H6: 1 to 35 ppb) and propane (CC3H8: 1 to 20 ppb) was measured in the soil samples. Carbon isotopic composition of δ13CCH4 ranges between -27.9 to -47.1 ‰ and δ13CC2H6 ranged between -36.9 to -37.2 ‰ (V-PDB) indicating that these gases are of thermogenic origin. Study of soil samples suggests the area has good potential for hydrocarbon.Keywords
Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Pranhita-Godavari Basin, Andhra Pradesh.References
- ABRAMS, M.A. (2005) Significance of hydrocarbon seepage relative to petroleum generation and entrapment. Marine Petrol. Geol., v.22, pp.457-477.
- BERNARD, B.B. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in marine sediments - PhD dissertation, Texas A & M University, USA, pp.144.
- BERNARD, B.B., BROOKS, J.M. and SACKETT, W.M. (1978) Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments. Jour. Geophy. Res., v.83, pp.4053-4061.
- BISWAS, S.K. (2003) Regional tectonic framework of the Pranhita- Godavari basin, India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.21, no.6, pp.543-551.
- CHAUDHURI, A.K. (2003) Stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Godavari Supergroup in the south-central Pranhita-Godavari Valley, South India. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.21, pp.595- 611.
- GEVIRTZ, J.L. (2002) Surface hydrocarbon characterization of Kinsale Head gas field, Celtic Sea, offshore Ireland, In: D.Schumacher and L.A. LeSchack (Eds.), Surface exploration case histories: Application of geochemistry, magnetics and remote sensing. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., studies in Geology, no.48 and SEG Geophy. Ref. Series no.11, pp.415-431.
- GEVIRTZ, J.L., CAREY, B.D. and BLANCO, S.R. (1983) Surface geochemical exploration in the North Sea. Methodology with an example. In: J. Brook, (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration of Europe. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., no.12, pp.35-50.
- HORVITZ, L. (1980) Near surface evidence of hydrocarbon movement from depth. In: W.H.Roberts III and R.J. Cordell, (Eds.), Problems of Petroleum Migration. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Studies in Geology, v.10, pp.241-269.
- JAMES, A.T. (1983) Correlation of natural gas by use of carbon isotopic distribution between hydrocarbon components. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. v.67, pp.1176-1191.
- JENDEN, P.O. and KAPLAN, I.R. (1986) Comparison of microbial gases from the Middle America Trench and Scripps Submarine Canyon: implications for the origin of natural gas. Appl. Geochem. v.1, pp.616-631.
- JONES, V.T. and DROZD, R.J. (1983) Predictions of oil and gas potential by near-surface geochemistry. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.67, no.6, pp.932-952.
- JONES, V.T., MATTHEWS, M.D. and RICHERS, D.M. (2000) Light hydrocarbons in petroleum and natural gas exploration. In: Handbook of Exploration Geochemistry: Gas Geochem., Elsevier, NY., v.7, pp.133.
- KAILA, K.L., MURTHY, P.R.K., RAO, V.K. and VENKATESHWARLU, N. (1990) Deep seismic sounding in the Godavari graben and Godavari (coastal) basin, India. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v.8, pp.307-317.
- KALPANA, G., MADHAVI, T., PATIL, D.J., DAYAL, A.M. and RAJU, S.V. (2010a) Light gaseous hydrocarbon anomalies in the near surface soils of Proterozoic Cuddapah Basin: Implication for hydrocarbon prospects. Jour. Petrol. Sci. Engg. v.73, pp.161-170.
- KALPANA, M.S., PATIL, D.J., DAYAL, A.M. and RAJU, S.V. (2010b) Near Surface Manifestation of Hydrocarbon in Proterozoic Bhima and Kaladgi Basins: Implication to hydrocarbon Resource potential. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.76, pp.548-556.
- KUMAR, B., PATIL, D.J. and KALPANA, G. (2002) National Facility for Studies on Surface Geochemical prospecting for hydrocarbons. Proceedings for 9th Annual India oil and Gas review Symposium, 9-10 Sept. Mumbai. pp.274-278.
- KUMAR, B., PATIL, D.J., KALPANA, G. and VISHNU VARDHAN, C. (2004) Geochemical prospecting of hydrocarbons in frontier basins of India: Search and Discovery Article. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Online Jour., Article # 10073.
- KVENVOLDEN, D.A., VOGEL, T.M. and GARDNER, J.V. (1981) Geochemical prospecting for hydrocarbons in the outer continental shelf, South Bering Sea, Alaska. Jour. Geochem. Explor., v.14, pp.209-219.
- MADHAVI, T., SATISH KUMAR, T., KALPANA, G., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2009) Light Hydrocarbons geochemistry of surface sediment from petroliferous region of the Mehasana block, North Cambay Basin, India. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.74, pp.7-15.
- MANI, D., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2011) Stable carbon isotope geochemistry of adsorbed alkane gases in near-surface soils of the Saurashtra Basin, India. Jour. Chemgeo, v.280, pp.144-153.
- SCHUMACHER, D. (1996) Hydrocarbon-induced alteration of soils and sediments. In: Schumacher, D.M., Abrams, M.A. (Eds.), Hydrocarbon Migration and its Near- Surface Expression: AAPG Memoir, v.66, pp.71-89.
- TEDESCO, S.A. (1995) Surface Geochemistry in Petroleum Exploration. Chapman & Hall, New York. pp.1-125.
- Recognition of Hydrocarbon Microseepage Using Microbial and Adsorbed Soil Gas Indicators in the Petroliferous Region of Krishna-Godavari Basin, India
Abstract Views :194 |
PDF Views:141
Authors
Affiliations
1 Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute (GERMI), Gandhinagar 382 421, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 606, IN
1 Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute (GERMI), Gandhinagar 382 421, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 606, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 560-568Abstract
The present study aims at exploring the possible correlation between adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbon distribution pattern and the hydrocarbon oxidizing microbes present in the sub-soil samples. To establish the role of the latter in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons, especially a known petroliferous Krishna-Godavari Basin has been investigated. Soil samples from oil and gas fields of Tatipaka and Pasarlapudi areas of the basin show the presence of bacterial population for methane (3.46 × 105 cfu/g), ethane (3.85 × 105 cfu/g) and propane (3.04 × 105 cfu/g) oxidizing bacteria in soil samples. Gas chromatographic analyses of adsorbed soil gases show the presence of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons. The concentration of adsorbed soil gases ranged for methane (C1) = 1 to 115 ppb, ethane (C2) = 1 to 99 ppb, propane (C3) = 1 to 34 ppb, butane (nC4) = 1 to 9 ppb and ΣC2+ = 1 to 115 ppb. The scatter plots between C1 and C4 components depict a linear trend indicating that all gases are from the same source. The total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil samples ranges from 0.18% to 1.34%. Pearson correlation analysis shows that the concentration of ΣC2+ does not show any correlation (r = 0.1) with TOC, suggesting that the adsorbed gases are not derivatives of the organic carbon. Moreover, the values for methane δ13C1 varied from -39.9‰ to -19.9‰ (V-PDP) Vienna PeeDee Belemnite indicate thermogenic origin. The integration of geomicrobial prospecting method together with adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies shows a good correlation with the producing oil and gas fields of Krishna-Godavari Basin.Keywords
Adsorbed Soil Gas, Bacteria, Hydrocarbon Exploration, Microseepage.Full Text
- Geo-Microbial Prospecting Studies of Surface Sediments from Petroliferous Region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin
Abstract Views :180 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. A. Rasheed
1,
M. Veena Prasanna
1,
M. Lakshmi
1,
T. Madhavi
1,
M. S. Kalpana
1,
D. J. Patil
1,
A. M. Dayal
1
Affiliations
1 Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
1 Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 80, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 267-275Abstract
Surface adsorbed gas surveys and geo-microbiological surveys are well known techniques of petroleum exploration and aim towards risk reduction in exploration by way of identifying the areas warm with hydrocarbons and to establish inter-se exploration priorities amongst the identified warm areas. The thermogenic surface adsorbed gaseous hydrocarbons distribution patterns in petroliferous areas are considered to be a credible evidence for the upward migration of hydrocarbons. The present investigation aims to explore correlation between the adsorbed gas distribution pattern and microbial oxidizers in identifying the upward migration of hydrocarbons especially in the tropical black soil terrain of known petroliferous Mehsana Block of North Cambay Basin, India. A set of 135 sub-soil samples collected, were analyzed for indicator hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon isotope ratios (δ 13Cmethane and δ13Cethane). The microbial prospecting studies showed the presence of high bacterial population for methane (5.4 × 106 cfu/gm), ethane (5.5 × 106 cfu/gm), propane (4.6 × 106 cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (4.6 × 106 cfu/gm) in soil samples. The light gaseous hydrocarbon analysis showed that the concentration ranges of C1, C2, C3, iC4 and nC4 are 402 ppb, 135 ppb, 70 ppb, 9 ppb and 18 ppb, respectively, and the value of carbon isotope ranges of methane -29.5 to -43.0‰ (V-PDB) and ethane -19.1 to -20.9‰ (V-PDB). The existence of un-altered petroliferous microseep (δ13C, -43‰) of catagenetic origin is observed in the study area. Geo-microbial prospecting method and adsorbed soil gas and carbon isotope studies have shown good correlation with existing oil/gas fields of Mehsana. Microbial surveys can independently precede other geochemical and geophysical surveys to delineate area warm with hydrocarbons, and mapped microbiological anomalies may provide focus for locales of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Mehsana Block of Cambay Basin.Keywords
Geo-Mirobial Prospecting, Adsorbed Soil Gas, Light Hydrocarbons, Carbon Isotopes, Cambay Basin.References
- BANERJEE, A. and RAO, K.L.N. (1993) Geochemical evaluation of part of the Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.77, no.1, pp.29-48.
- BHANDARI, L.L. and CHOUDHARY, L.R. (1975) Stratigraphic Analysis of Kadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.59, pp.856-871.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1982) Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.66, pp.1497-1513.
- BISWAS, S.K. (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure, and evolution of the western margin basins of India. Tectonophysics, v.137, pp.307-327.
- BISWAS, S.K., RANGARAJU, M.K., THOMAS, J. and BHATTACHARYA, S.K. (1994) Cambay – Hazad Petroleum System in South Cambay Basin, India. In: L.B. Magoon and W.G. Dow (Eds.), Petroleum System from Source to trap. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., v.60, pp.615-624.
- CHANDRA, K., MISHRA, C.S., SAMANTA, U., ANITA GUPTA and MEHROTRA, K.L. (1994) Correlation of different maturity parameters in the Ahmedabad-Mehsana block of the Cambay basin. Org. Geochem., v.20, no.3/4, pp.313-321.
- DAVIS, J.B. (1967) Petroleum Prospecting. Petroleum Microbiology: Elsevier Publishing Company, pp.197-245.
- GEVIRTZ, T.I. and CAREY, B.D. (1983) Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration. Europe Geol. Soc., Spec. Publi., v.11, pp.99.
- HORVITZ, L. (1981) Hydrocarbon prospecting after forty years. In: B.M. Gottleib (Ed.), Unconventional Methods in Exploration for Petroleum and Natural Gas II. Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, TX, pp.83–95.
- JILLMAN, N. (1987) Surface Geochemistry Enigmas. Oil and Gas Jour., v.9, pp.87-89.
- KUNDU, J., PRASAD, B. and ANAND PRAKASH. (1997) Structural framework and distribution of Synrift Depocentres in Cambay Rift Basin, Western India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.81, pp.1392-1393.
- TUCKER, J. and HITZMAN, D. (1994) Detailed microbial surveys help to improve reservoir characterization. Oil and Gas Jour., v.6, pp.65-69.
- MADHAVI, T., SATISH KUMAR, T., RASHEED, M.A., KALPANA, G., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2009). Light hydrocarbon geochemistry of surface sediment from petroliferous region of the Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.74, pp.7-15.
- MC LEE, A.G., KORMENDY, A.C. and WAYMAN, M. (1972) Isolation and characterization of n-butane utilizing microorganisms. Canadian Jour. Microbiology, v.18, pp.1191-1195.
- MATHUR, L.P., RAO, K.L.N. and CHAUBE, A.N. (1968) Tectonic frame-work of Cambay Basin, India. ONGC Bull., v.5, pp.7-28.
- MEHROTRA, K.L., GUPTA, A., TIWARI, G. and KUMAR, A. (1991) Geochemistry of Cambay Basin. In: Integrated Exploration Research – status and perspective 1990, pp.429-436.
- MILLER, G.H. (1976) Microbial Survey to evaluate oil and gas. Oil and Gas Jour., v.4, pp.192.
- PAREJA, L. (1994) Combined microbial, seismic surveys predict oil and gas occurences in Bolivia. Oil and Gas Jour., v.24, pp.68-70.
- PERRY, J.J. and WILLIAM, S. (1968) Oxidation of hydrocarbons by microorganisms isolated from soil. Canadian Jour. Microbiology, v.14, pp.403-407.
- RAJU, A.T.R. (1969) Geological evolution of Assam and Cambay Tertiary Basins of India. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v.52, no.12, pp.2422-2437.
- RASHEED, M.A., VEENA PRASANNA, M., SATISH KUMAR, T., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2008) Geo-microbial prospecting method for hydrocarbon exploration in Vengannapalli village, Cuddapah Basin, India. Curr. Sci., v.95, no.3, pp.361-366.
- RASHEED, M.A., LAKSHMI, M., PATIL, D.J. and DAYAL, A.M. (2009) Geo-microbial studies for hydrocarbon exploration from Southern part of Gulf of Mannar, Kerala-Konkan Offshore Basin. Indian Jour. Petrol. Geol., v.17, no.2, pp.1-9.
- RONALD ATLAS, M. and LAWRENCE, C.P. (1996) Ammonium Mineral Salts medium. Handbook of Microbiological Media. CRC Press, New York, pp.79.
- SARRAF, S.C., RAY, D.S., KARARIA, A.D. and LAL, N.K. (2000) Geology, sedimentation and petroleum systems of Cambay Basin, India. Proc. 5th international conf. & exhibition on Petroleum Geochemistry and Exploration in the Afro-Asian region. pp.215-226.
- SEALY, J.R. (1974a) A Geomicrobial method of prospecting for oil. Oil and Gas Jour., v.8, pp.142-146.
- SEALY, J.R. (1974b) A geomicrobial method of prospecting for oil. Oil and Gas Jour., v.15, pp.98-102.
- SREENIVAS RAO, R., RASHEED, M.A., KALPANA, G., PATIL, D.J. and KUMAR, B. (2005) Effect of hydrocarbons and other parameters on Hydrocarbon utilizing Pichia angusta MTCC -225. Jour Appld. Biochem. Biotech., v.126, pp.205-214.
- VASTAL, J.R. and PERRY, J.J. (1969) Divergent metabolic pathways for Propane and Propionate utilization by a Soil Isolate. Jour. Bacteriology, v.99, pp.216-221.
- WAGNER, M., WAGNER, M., PISKE, J. and SMIT, R. (2002) Case Histories of microbial prospection for oil and gas. AAPG studies in Geology 48 and SEG Geophysical References Series, v.11, pp.453-479.
- WITTENBURY, R., PHILIPS, K.C. and WILKINSON, J.F. (1970) Enrichment, isolation and some properties of Methane-utilizing Bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology, v.61, pp.205-218.